The Langmuir film is transferred onto a solid substrate by dipping the substrate up and down through the monolayer. This gives rise to ordered 2D structures on the surface of water called Langmuir films. The monolayer is compressed within two barriers. As the solvent is evaporated a monolayer of the amphiphilic molecules is formed on the water surface. The first step for the preparation of a LB film is the spreading of an organic solution of an amphiphile on the water surface. LB technique is one of the most promising techniques to prepare thin films as it enables (1) a precise control of the monolayer thickness (2) homogeneous deposition of the monolayer over large areas and (3) possibility to make multilayer structures with varying layer composition. Computer controlled and user programmable Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) instrument for automated Langmuir film experiments and for unsupervised deposition of normal multilayers onto solid substrates.
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